{"id":4115,"date":"2017-06-27T18:03:57","date_gmt":"2017-06-27T18:03:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/?p=4115"},"modified":"2017-09-30T15:57:06","modified_gmt":"2017-09-30T15:57:06","slug":"enseignement-superieur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/4115\/enseignement-superieur\/","title":{"rendered":"Mondialisation de l&#8217;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Grande conf\u00e9rence annuelle Prospective 2100<br \/>\nen partenariat avec l\u2019Association des auditeurs de l&#8217;IHEST (Institut des Hautes \u00e9tudes scientifiques et techniques).<\/p>\n<p>27 juin 2017, Minist\u00e8re de la recherche, amphith\u00e9\u00e2tre Gay-Lussac.<\/p>\n<p>Conf\u00e9rence par <strong>Jean-Louis Armand,<\/strong> professeur des universit\u00e9s, (Universit\u00e9 de Californie, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9),<br \/>\nsuivie d\u2019une table ronde de quatre discutants :<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\n<strong>Mich\u00e8le Gendreau-Massaloux<\/strong>, ancien recteur, conseill\u00e8re du Secr\u00e9taire perp\u00e9tuel de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des sciences, et vice-pr\u00e9sidente du Groupe inter-acad\u00e9mique pour le\u200e d\u00e9veloppement,<br \/>\n<strong>Jean-Louis Bobin, <\/strong>physicien, professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie, auteur de nombreux livres de vulgarisation scientifique,<br \/>\n<strong>Jean-Charles Pomerol<\/strong>, ancien Pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie,<br \/>\n<strong>Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Cervel<\/strong>, auditeur de l\u2019IHEST,&nbsp; inspecteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019administration de l\u2019\u00c9ducation nationale et de la recherche honoraire (IGENR) et membre de la Commission nationale fran\u00e7aise pour l\u2019Unesco.<br \/>\nLa table ronde a pour mod\u00e9rateur <strong>Moussa Hoummady<\/strong>, d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 \u00e0 la strat\u00e9gie, \u00e0 la prospective et aux partenariats du <span class=\"st\">Bureau de recherches g\u00e9ologiques et mini\u00e8res<\/span> (BRGM), pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019AAIHEST.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"sommaire\"><\/a><strong>Sommaire<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#argument\">Argument<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#video\">Vid\u00e9o de la conf\u00e9rence<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#photos\">Photos de la conf\u00e9rence<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<p><a name=\"argument\"><\/a><strong>Argument<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Il a fallu attendre 1896 pour voir rena\u00eetre l\u2019universit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise, supprim\u00e9e par la R\u00e9volution.&nbsp; Elle a depuis eu \u00e0 faire face \u00e0 un afflux massif d\u2019\u00e9tudiants, auxquelles des r\u00e9formes successives se sont efforc\u00e9es de r\u00e9pondre.&nbsp; La loi relative aux libert\u00e9s et responsabilit\u00e9s des universit\u00e9s de 2007 comme la loi relative \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur et la recherche de 2013 ont ainsi cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 affirmer autonomie des universit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Le mod\u00e8le de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie, pr\u00f4n\u00e9 par les promoteurs de la loi de 2007, reposait en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 sur une vision tronqu\u00e9e et surtout d\u00e9pass\u00e9e d\u2019un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 trois composantes, qui a fortement \u00e9volu\u00e9 dans les trente derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.&nbsp; L\u2019enseignement public aux \u00c9tats-Unis, et tout sp\u00e9cialement en Californie, a renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 son id\u00e9al original d\u2019ascenseur social&nbsp;: plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 des \u00e9tudiants modestes recrut\u00e9s sur la base du m\u00e9rite, les universit\u00e9s cherchent aujourd\u2019hui avant tout \u00e0 attirer du monde entier des \u00e9tudiants ais\u00e9s dont d\u00e9pend pour la majeure partie leur financement, au d\u00e9triment de l\u2019excellence des programmes sous-gradu\u00e9s.&nbsp; En France, la prolif\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9coles de commerce pour la plupart priv\u00e9es refl\u00e8te cette tendance.<\/p>\n<p>Alors que les r\u00e9formes successives ont fait la preuve de leurs limites, il appartient de s\u2019interroger lucidement sur les obstacles sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 la France&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>coexistence des grandes \u00e9coles et des universit\u00e9s<\/li>\n<li>financement de l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur<\/li>\n<li>coexistence des universit\u00e9s avec le CNRS<\/li>\n<li>nombre d\u2019universit\u00e9s<\/li>\n<li>recrutement des enseignants<\/li>\n<li>co\u00fbt de scolarit\u00e9 et s\u00e9lection des \u00e9tudiants<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il s\u2019agit de r\u00e9pondre courageusement aux d\u00e9fis, de permettre \u00e0 notre enseignement sup\u00e9rieur d\u2019\u00eatre enfin plus efficace et plus juste.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jean-Louis Armand<\/strong> a enseign\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole polytechnique, \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie et \u00e0 Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9.&nbsp; Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sident de d\u00e9partement \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Californie, pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Institut M\u00e9diterran\u00e9en de Technologie et de l\u2019<em>Asian Institute of Technology<\/em>.&nbsp; Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 membre du Conseil scientifique de d\u00e9fense, du Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de la recherche et la technologie, du Comit\u00e9 national d\u2019\u00e9valuation de la recherche.&nbsp; Il a \u00e9galement servi comme conseiller pour la recherche et la technologie \u00e0 l\u2019Ambassade de France au Japon.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><a name=\"video\"><\/a><strong>Vid\u00e9o de la conf\u00e9rence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><small>Prise de vue : Thierry Gaudin<br \/>\nPrise de son : <span style=\"color: #1a1a1a;\"><span style=\"font-family: ArialMT,sans-serif;\">Alban Le Goff<\/span><\/span><br \/>\nMontage : Julie Tourreau<\/small><\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_4054e2cd3a2cb7d81e67a1d2ba3bdcd9\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy has-playlist has-playlist-horizontal fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/4115\/enseignement-superieur\/fvp\/\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 100%; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fp-splash\" alt=\"Jean-Louis Armand;Jean-\u00c9ric Aubert,Moussa Hoummady,Mich\u00e8le Gendreau-Massaloux;Jean-Louis Bobin, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Cervel;Jean-Charles Pomerol;d\u00e9bat avec la salle\" src=\"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_01.jpg\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;width:100%\" \/>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon 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class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-playlist-external fv-playlist-design-2017 fp-playlist-horizontal fp-playlist-has-captions skin-slim\" rel=\"wpfp_4054e2cd3a2cb7d81e67a1d2ba3bdcd9\">\n\t\t<a href='#' data-item='{\"sources\":[{\"src\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/ARMAND0617_J01.mp4\",\"type\":\"video\\\/mp4\"}],\"fv_title\":\"Jean-Louis Armand\",\"splash\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/armand0617_01.jpg\"}'><div class='fvp-playlist-thumb-img'><img  src='https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_01.jpg' \/><\/div><h4><span>Jean-Louis Armand<\/span><i class=\"dur\">42:59<\/i><\/h4><\/a>\n\t\t<a href='#' data-item='{\"sources\":[{\"src\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/ARMAND0617_J02.mp4\",\"type\":\"video\\\/mp4\"}],\"fv_title\":\"Jean-\\u00c9ric Aubert,Moussa Hoummady,Mich\\u00e8le Gendreau-Massaloux\",\"splash\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/armand0617_03.jpg\"}'><div class='fvp-playlist-thumb-img'><img  src='https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_03.jpg' \/><\/div><h4><span>Jean-\u00c9ric Aubert,Moussa Hoummady,Mich\u00e8le Gendreau-Massaloux<\/span><i class=\"dur\">26:15<\/i><\/h4><\/a>\n\t\t<a href='#' data-item='{\"sources\":[{\"src\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/ARMAND0617_J03.mp4\",\"type\":\"video\\\/mp4\"}],\"fv_title\":\"Jean-Louis Bobin, Jean-Fran\\u00e7ois Cervel\",\"splash\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/armand0617_06.jpg\"}'><div class='fvp-playlist-thumb-img'><img  src='https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_06.jpg' \/><\/div><h4><span>Jean-Louis Bobin, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Cervel<\/span><i class=\"dur\">17:31<\/i><\/h4><\/a>\n\t\t<a href='#' data-item='{\"sources\":[{\"src\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/ARMAND0617_J04.mp4\",\"type\":\"video\\\/mp4\"}],\"fv_title\":\"Jean-Charles Pomerol\",\"splash\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/armand0617_04.jpg\"}'><div class='fvp-playlist-thumb-img'><img  src='https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_04.jpg' \/><\/div><h4><span>Jean-Charles Pomerol<\/span><i class=\"dur\">10:05<\/i><\/h4><\/a>\n\t\t<a href='#' data-item='{\"sources\":[{\"src\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/ARMAND0617_J05.mp4\",\"type\":\"video\\\/mp4\"}],\"fv_title\":\"d\\u00e9bat avec la salle\",\"splash\":\"https:\\\/\\\/2100.org\\\/tv\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/armand0617_05.jpg\"}'><div class='fvp-playlist-thumb-img'><img  src='https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/armand0617_05.jpg' \/><\/div><h4><span>d\u00e9bat avec la salle<\/span><\/h4><\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<hr>\n<p><a name=\"photos\"><\/a><strong>Quelques photos<\/strong>, <small>(clich\u00e9s Dom Lacroix)<\/small><br \/>\n(Cliquez sur chaque photo pour faire d\u00e9filer. Ou patientez 2 secondes, oh fougueux visiteur !)<\/p>\nngg_shortcode_0_placeholder\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grande conf\u00e9rence annuelle Prospective 2100 en partenariat avec l\u2019Association des auditeurs de l&#8217;IHEST (Institut des Hautes \u00e9tudes scientifiques et techniques). 27 juin 2017, Minist\u00e8re de la recherche, amphith\u00e9\u00e2tre Gay-Lussac. Conf\u00e9rence par Jean-Louis Armand, professeur des universit\u00e9s, (Universit\u00e9 de Californie, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9), suivie d\u2019une table ronde de quatre discutants :<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4204,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[469,8],"tags":[528,532,534,526,531,525,529,527,533,530,524],"class_list":["post-4115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education-et-culture","category-education","tag-baccalaureat","tag-californie","tag-cpu","tag-enseignement-superieur","tag-enseignement-technique","tag-grandes-ecoles","tag-armand-jean-louis","tag-recherche","tag-selection","tag-technologie","tag-universites","post_format-post-format-video"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4115"}],"version-history":[{"count":40,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4273,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4115\/revisions\/4273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2100.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}